This phrase doesn’t appear in the Bible, but the concept is present, particularly in Paul’s letters.
Adam, the original man, yielded to temptation and disobeyed God. His punishment was banishment from Eden and, eventually, death.
By one act of disobedience, Adam brought sin into the world, and all his descendants have followed in his footsteps.
Thus man “fell” from a happy existence and right relationship with God into a troubled life where he must look forward to death (see Rom. 5).
